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World’s oldest fortresses found in Stone Age Siberia
Prehistoric settlements in remote Siberia, Russia have revealed that the hunter-gatherers who lived there 8,000 years ago constructed complex defensive structures. They are the oldest fortresses in...
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‘Unpromising’ archaeological site rewrites Roman history
What started as an unpromising archaeological site in central Italy could change our understanding of the fall of the Roman Empire. A 13-year archaeological investigation of an “unpromising” site has...
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Chief of time, mass and measures shares the metrics we need, and the one that...
Meet the Chiefs is an occasional series by Petra Stock. She previously covered the role of Chief Engineer. If you’ve ever ordered a drink at a pub or bar, you’ll realise why an agreed system of...
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No signs of tooth decay in half of Swedish Viking population
Analysis of thousands of Viking teeth from a late Swedish Viking population reveals roughly half of the population were free from decay. The other half (49%) suffered from some form of tooth decay,...
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Ancient bricks reveal enigmas in Earth’s magnetic field
Ancient Mesopotamian bricks hold magnetic clues that will help archaeologists demystify the era. A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has found that bricks bearing the...
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Five ways science conquered our beliefs about the Roman Empire in the year...
More than 1000 years since its fall, researchers continue to uncover new knowledge about the Roman Empire by deploying a legion of modern tools. This year, ancient DNA analysis, spectroscopy,...
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Newly discovered cult temple adjusts our understanding of Roman Christianity
An ancient Roman temple has much to teach us about the empire’s transition to Christianity. According to the researchers who have just discovered it, the temple has been found buried beneath a carpark...
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Huge 4,000-year-old fortification discovered in Saudi Arabia
Archaeologists have found a massive ancient fortification enclosing the Khaybar Oasis in the North Arabian Desert. It is one of the two largest fortifications in Saudi Arabia. Oases in the region have...
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Parthenon centaur has a mystery head feature
A centaur head from Parthenon temple, National Museum of Denmark. Note the brown stain over half of the face Credit: John Lee, National Museum of Denmark A marble head belonging to a centaur statue...
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How prevalent was dementia in Ancient Greece and Rome?
Dementia may not have been a common illness among the elderly in Ancient Greece, but when the Roman Empire was at its peak, it started to become apparent, according to a new study. The research,...
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Mysterious pre-Roman human-animal burials require further digging
European archaeologists, anthropologists and researchers remain perplexed about a handful of human-animal co-burials found in a pre-Roman settlement. An archaeological site at Seminario Vescovile (in...
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Jewish-Islamic scientific exchange took place 1,000 years ago
Archaeologists have identified evidence of a Jewish-Islamic scientific collaboration having taken place a thousand years ago, thanks to an archaic star chart once thought to be a forgery. It’s now...
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50 remarkable and inspirational women in Australian science
International Women’s Day is a global celebration of the social, economic, cultural, and political achievements of women. In honour of IWD 2024, Cosmos is showcasing the achievements of 50 of...
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We need to reinvent urban spaces to live in harmony with the planet
Travel is about visiting someplace exotic, we’re told. Somewhere that looks, feels and tastes different, in a way that stirs our heart and stimulates our senses. But sit in the central business...
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Oldest Stone Age boats found in the Mediterranean
Canoes found in Italy show how people more than 7,000 years ago developed advanced nautical technology to navigate the Mediterranean Sea. The canoes are the oldest boats found in the Mediterranean. In...
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Using DNA to work out what 6th century Chinese emperor looked like
Researchers have reconstructed the face of Chinese Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou who lived 1,500 years ago. Deep DNA analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms, frequently called SNPs (pronounced...
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Museum removes Egyptian body parts from galleries
From University of Sydney news Unwrapped ancient Egyptian mummified body parts will be returned to the University of Sydney’s Museum store while it works to implement better practices with Egyptian...
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Recycled Byzantine silver drove Europe’s 7th century revival
Before France dominated European coin production under Charlemagne, the richest members of the continent’s Middle Age societies were likely melting down valuable Byzantine artefacts for legal tender....
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Research puts Tongan development back more than 500 years
A re-evaluation of archaeological sites in Tonga has revealed fascinating detail about city-like structures built on the main island, placing population growth and urbanisation hundreds of years...
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Tiny, 1800-year-old portrait of Alexander the Great found in Denmark
“I nearly fell out of my chair,” says Danish archaeologist Freerk Oldenburger referring to the moment he realised he was looking at a small bronze portrait of Alexander the Great found in Denmark....
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